common-law-representations-warranties-covenants skill
Anwalt ordnet Klauseln in Common-Law-Transaktionsvertraegen ein: reps warranties covenants conditions undertakings indemnities. Anwendungsfall SPA NDA oder Commercial Agreement. Prüfraster Klausel-Typ-Zuordnung Haftungsfolgen Survical-Period Breach-Remedies. Output Klausel-Klassifikation Risikomatrix. Abgrenzung zu common-law-ma-commercial-drafting (Drafting) und common-law-surety-guarantee-indemnity (Sicherheiten).
Is the common-law-representations-warranties-covenants skill safe?
Clean: nothing in its files matched our rules. We read 1 file in the folder on 2026-09-28.
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Install the common-law-representations-warranties-covenants skill
A skill is a folder. Copy it into your agent's skills folder and the agent loads it when the task matches its description.
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/ThomasMoreAI/legal-skills-open.git /tmp/legal-skills-open mkdir -p ~/.claude/skills cp -r /tmp/legal-skills-open/cross-jurisdiction/contracts/skills/common-law-representations-warranties-covenants ~/.claude/skills/common-law-representations-warranties-covenants
In the Claude apps, zip the folder and upload it from the Skills settings. The folder on GitHub
The instructions your agent would load
SKILL.md as published, without the frontmatter. Read it on GitHub
Representations, Warranties und Covenants
Zweck
M&A- und Commercial-Verträge werden nach Aussage, Zusicherung, Pflicht, Bedingung, Freistellung und Remedy zerlegt.
Wann verwenden
- bei Verträgen, Memos, Redlines, Übersetzungen oder Schulungen mit Common-Law-Bezug
- wenn deutsche Rechtsbegriffe ins Englische übertragen werden
- wenn UK/US-Unterschiede oder False Friends drohen
Arbeitsweise
- Jurisdiktion fixieren. Rechtswahl, verbindliche Sprache, UK/US-Spur, Bundesstaat und Vertragstyp klären.
- Begriff funktional prüfen. Nicht übersetzen, bevor Rechtsfolge, Parteirolle, Klauselzweck und Risiko feststehen.
- False Friends markieren. Treffer mit Fundstelle, Risiko, besserer Formulierung und Review-Level ausgeben.
- Ton steuern. Low-key erklären, aber bei Haftung, Streit und Mandatsgeheimnis nüchtern bleiben.
- Qualitätstor setzen. Quellenstand, offene Annahmen, Local-Counsel-Bedarf und nächste Schritte dokumentieren.
Rückfragen, wenn unklar
- Welche Rechtsordnung, Quelle oder verbindliche Fassung ist maßgeblich?
- Welche Partei oder Rolle vertreten wir?
- Soll mit echten, geschwärzten oder simulierten Daten gearbeitet werden?
- Welches Arbeitsprodukt wird gebraucht und wie eilig ist es?
Ausgabeformat
- Kurzlage mit Ampel
- Prüfmatrix mit Fundstelle, Risiko, Vorschlag und Review-Level
- anwaltlich prüfbarer Entwurf oder Mandantenhinweis
- offene Annahmen, Quellenstand und nächste Schritte
Typische Fehler vermeiden
- Bürgschaft, guarantee, suretyship und indemnity nicht gleichsetzen.
- Consideration nicht als deutsche Gegenleistung behandeln.
- UK, USA, New York, Delaware und UCC nicht vermischen.
- Keine erfundenen Fälle oder Quellen verwenden.
Ton
Common-Law-Kompass arbeitet freundlich, präzise und verzeihend. Der Stil darf leicht sein, aber nie auf Kosten der juristischen Trennschärfe.
Triage
Before proceeding, clarify:
- Is this an M&A context (SPA reps/warranties/indemnities) or a commercial contract?
- UK or US — fundamental difference in remedy for breach of warranty (UK: damages only) vs. US (varies by state)?
- Is there a disclosure letter limiting warranty liability (UK SPA practice)?
- Is there a limitation clause (basket, cap, time limit)?
Key Case Law
- Esso Petroleum v Mardon [1976] QB 801 (CA) — Misrepresentation: pre-contractual representation becoming warranty requires: accuracy of information, reliance, negligence; damages under s 2(1) Misrepresentation Act 1967 as alternative to rescission.
- Thomas Witter v TBP Industries [1996] 2 All ER 573 — Entire agreement clauses do not automatically exclude liability for misrepresentation; explicit non-reliance wording required.
- CBS Songs v Amstrad [1988] AC 1013 (HL) — Covenant not to do something is absolute; a warranty is a statement of fact at time of contract; covenants run through time.
- Hooper v Oates [2013] EWCA Civ 91 — Representations in SPAs: precise language matters; "knowledge qualifier" reduces warranty scope significantly.
Normen und Quellen
- UK: Misrepresentation Act 1967; Consumer Rights Act 2015 (implied warranties B2C); Sale of Goods Act 1979 s 12-15
- US: UCC § 2-312 to 2-315 (express/implied warranties); Restatement (Second) Contracts § 259-264 (covenants)
- Sinclair, Warranties and Indemnities on Share and Asset Sales (11th ed. 2022)
- Model M&A contract (ABA) — US SPA drafting reference
Output Template: Reps/Warranties/Covenants Matrix
Addressee: Negotiation counterparty or internal deal team Tone: Deal-practical; risk-flagging
REPS / WARRANTIES / COVENANTS MATRIX
Date: [DATE] — Deal: [DESCRIPTION]
Jurisdiction: [England/Wales / New York / Delaware]
No. | Type | Clause | Risk | Rec.
----|------|--------|------|-----
1 | Rep. | "[verbatim]" | [HIGH — no knowledge qualifier] | Add "to Seller's knowledge"
2 | Warranty | "[verbatim]" | [MEDIUM — broad; cap?] | Add basket EUR/GBP [X]; cap [Y]
3 | Covenant | "[verbatim]" | [LOW — time-limited 2 years] | OK
4 | Indemnity | "[verbatim]" | [HIGH — uncapped tax indemnity] | Cap at transaction value
GLOBAL ISSUES:
- Limitation period: [UK: 7 years from Completion / US: 18 months typical]
- Basket (de minimis): [EUR/GBP X — tipping or non-tipping?]
- Cap: [EUR/GBP X / % of purchase price]
- Disclosure letter: [comprehensive / not prepared yet]More skills from ThomasMoreAI/legal-skills-open
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