adobe-illustrator-scripting skill

Adobe Illustrator Scripting

Expert guidance for automating Adobe Illustrator through ExtendScript (JavaScript/JSX). This skill covers the Illustrator scripting object model, all major API objects, code patterns, and best practices for writing production-quality .jsx scripts.

Bundled Assets

• references/object-model-quick-reference.md: Use this as a quick lookup for the Illustrator scripting object model, common document and page item types, and related DOM concepts while writing or debugging scripts.
• scripts/: Contains example Illustrator automation scripts you can use as starting points or implementation patterns for common tasks such as document manipulation, exports, batch processing, and DOM usage. Review and adapt these examples when you need working JSX patterns or want to compare behavior while debugging.

When to Use This Skill

• Writing new Illustrator automation scripts (.jsx or .js files)
• Debugging or fixing existing Illustrator ExtendScript code
• Manipulating documents, layers, page items, paths, text, or colors programmatically
• Batch-processing Illustrator files or generating artwork from data
• Exporting documents to various formats (PDF, SVG, PNG, EPS, etc.)
• Working with the Illustrator DOM (Application, Document, Layer, PathItem, TextFrame, etc.)
• Creating data-driven graphics using variables and datasets
• Automating print workflows with scripted print options

Prerequisites

• Adobe Illustrator CC or later installed
• Basic JavaScript knowledge (ExtendScript is ES3-based with Adobe extensions)
• Scripts are executed via File > Scripts > Other Scripts, the Scripts menu, or placed in the Startup Scripts folder
• The ExtendScript Toolkit (ESTK) or any text editor can be used to write .jsx files

Scripting Environment

Language and File Extensions

This skill focuses on ExtendScript/JavaScript as the cross-platform, most widely used option.

Executing Scripts

• Scripts menu: File > Scripts lists scripts from the application scripts folder
• Other Scripts: File > Scripts > Other Scripts to browse and run any .jsx file
• Startup Scripts: Place scripts in the Startup Scripts folder to run automatically on launch
• Target directive: Begin scripts with #target illustrator when running from ESTK or external tools
• #targetengine directive: Use #targetengine "session" to persist variables across script executions
• External invocation: Scripts are frequently launched from outside Illustrator — by shell scripts, task runners, CI jobs, ExtendScript Toolkit (ExtendScript Toolkit.exe -run script.jsx), or BridgeTalk messages from other Adobe apps. See External Invocation & Argument Passing.

Naming Conventions (JavaScript)

• Objects and properties use camelCase: activeDocument, pathItems, textFrames
• The app global references the Application object
• Collection indices are zero-based: documents[0] is the frontmost document
• Use typename property to identify object types at runtime

Object Model Overview

The Illustrator DOM follows a strict containment hierarchy:

Application (app)
├── activeDocument / documents[]
│   ├── layers[]
│   │   ├── pageItems[] (all artwork)
│   │   ├── pathItems[]
│   │   ├── compoundPathItems[]
│   │   ├── textFrames[]
│   │   ├── placedItems[]
│   │   ├── rasterItems[]
│   │   ├── meshItems[]
│   │   ├── pluginItems[]
│   │   ├── graphItems[]
│   │   ├── symbolItems[]
│   │   ├── nonNativeItems[]
│   │   ├── legacyTextItems[]
│   │   └── groupItems[]
│   ├── artboards[]
│   ├── views[]
│   ├── selection (array of selected items)
│   ├── swatches[], spots[], gradients[], patterns[]
│   ├── graphicStyles[], brushes[], symbols[]
│   ├── textFonts[] (via app.textFonts)
│   ├── stories[], characterStyles[], paragraphStyles[]
│   ├── variables[], datasets[]
│   └── inkList[], printOptions
├── preferences
├── printerList[]
└── textFonts[]

Top-Level Objects

• Application (app): The root object. Provides access to documents, preferences, fonts, and printers. Key properties: activeDocument, documents, textFonts, printerList, userInteractionLevel, version.
• Document: Represents an open .ai file. Key properties: layers, pageItems, selection, activeLayer, width, height, rulerOrigin, documentColorSpace. Key methods: saveAs(), exportFile(), close(), print().
• Layer: A drawing layer. Key properties: pageItems, pathItems, textFrames, visible, locked, opacity, name, zOrderPosition, color.

Measurement Units and Coordinates

Units

All scripting API values use points (72 points = 1 inch). Convert other units:

Kerning, tracking, and aki properties use em units (thousandths of an em, proportional to font size).

Coordinate System

• For scripted documents, the origin (0,0) is at the bottom-left of the artboard
• X increases left to right; Y increases bottom to top
• The position property of a page item is the top-left corner of its bounding box as [x, y]
• Maximum page item width/height: 16348 points

Art Item Bounds

Every page item has three bounding rectangles:

• geometricBounds: Excludes stroke width [left, top, right, bottom]
• visibleBounds: Includes stroke width
• controlBounds: Includes control/direction points

Working with Documents

Creating and Opening

// Create a new document
var doc = app.documents.add();

// Create with a preset
var preset = new DocumentPreset();
preset.width = 612;  // 8.5 inches
preset.height = 792; // 11 inches
preset.colorMode = DocumentColorSpace.CMYK;
var doc = app.documents.addDocument("Print", preset);

// Open an existing file
var fileRef = new File("/path/to/file.ai");
var doc = app.open(fileRef);

Saving and Exporting

// Save as Illustrator format
var saveOpts = new IllustratorSaveOptions();
saveOpts.compatibility = Compatibility.ILLUSTRATOR17; // CC
doc.saveAs(new File("/path/to/output.ai"), saveOpts);

// Export as PDF
var pdfOpts = new PDFSaveOptions();
pdfOpts.compatibility = PDFCompatibility.ACROBAT7;
pdfOpts.preserveEditability = false;
doc.saveAs(new File("/path/to/output.pdf"), pdfOpts);

// Export as PNG
var pngOpts = new ExportOptionsPNG24();
pngOpts.horizontalScale = 300;
pngOpts.verticalScale = 300;
pngOpts.transparency = true;
doc.exportFile(new File("/path/to/output.png"), ExportType.PNG24, pngOpts);

// Export as SVG
var svgOpts = new ExportOptionsSVG();
svgOpts.fontType = SVGFontType.OUTLINEFONT;
doc.exportFile(new File("/path/to/output.svg"), ExportType.SVG, svgOpts);

Working with Paths and Shapes

Built-in Shape Methods

The pathItems collection provides convenience methods for common shapes:

var doc = app.activeDocument;
var layer = doc.activeLayer;

// Rectangle: rectangle(top, left, width, height)
var rect = layer.pathItems.rectangle(500, 100, 200, 150);

// Rounded rectangle: roundedRectangle(top, left, width, height, hRadius, vRadius)
var rrect = layer.pathItems.roundedRectangle(500, 100, 200, 150, 20, 20);

// Ellipse: ellipse(top, left, width, height)
var oval = layer.pathItems.ellipse(400, 200, 100, 100);

// Polygon: polygon(centerX, centerY, radius, sides)
var hex = layer.pathItems.polygon(300, 300, 50, 6);

// Star: star(centerX, centerY, radius, innerRadius, points)
var star = layer.pathItems.star(300, 300, 50, 25, 5);

Freeform Paths Using Coordinate Arrays

var doc = app.activeDocument;
var path = doc.pathItems.add();
path.setEntirePath([[100, 100], [200, 200], [300, 100]]);
path.closed = false;
path.stroked = true;
path.strokeWidth = 2;

Freeform Paths Using PathPoint Objects

var doc = app.activeDocument;
var path = doc.pathItems.add();

var point1 = path.pathPoints.add();
point1.anchor = [100, 100];
point1.leftDirection = [100, 100];
point1.rightDirection = [150, 150];
point1.pointType = PointType.SMOOTH;

var point2 = path.pathPoints.add();
point2.anchor = [300, 100];
point2.leftDirection = [250, 150];
point2.rightDirection = [300, 100];
point2.pointType = PointType.SMOOTH;

path.closed = false;

Path Properties

var item = doc.pathItems[0];
item.filled = true;
item.stroked = true;
item.strokeWidth = 1.5;
item.strokeCap = StrokeCap.ROUNDENDCAP;
item.strokeJoin = StrokeJoin.ROUNDENDJOIN;
item.opacity = 80;
item.closed = true;

Working with Colors

Color Objects

// RGB Color (values 0-255)
var red = new RGBColor();
red.red = 255;
red.green = 0;
red.blue = 0;

// CMYK Color (values 0-100)
var cyan = new CMYKColor();
cyan.cyan = 100;
cyan.magenta = 0;
cyan.yellow = 0;
cyan.black = 0;

// Grayscale (0-100, 0 = black)
var gray = new GrayColor();
gray.gray = 50;

// Lab Color
var lab = new LabColor();
lab.l = 50;
lab.a = 20;
lab.b = -30;

// No color (transparent)
var none = new NoColor();

Applying Colors

var item = doc.pathItems[0];
item.fillColor = red;
item.strokeColor = cyan;

// Gradient fill
var gradient = doc.gradients.add();
gradient.type = GradientType.LINEAR;
gradient.gradientStops[0].color = red;
gradient.gradientStops[1].color = cyan;

var gradColor = new GradientColor();
gradColor.gradient = gradient;
item.fillColor = gradColor;

Spot Colors and Swatches

// Create a spot color
var spot = doc.spots.add();
spot.name = "My Spot Color";
spot.color = red; // Base color definition

var spotColor = new SpotColor();
spotColor.spot = spot;
spotColor.tint = 100;

item.fillColor = spotColor;

// Access a swatch by name
var swatch = doc.swatches.getByName("PANTONE 185 C");
item.fillColor = swatch.color;

Working with Text

Text Frame Types

var doc = app.activeDocument;

// Point text
var pointText = doc.textFrames.add();
pointText.contents = "Hello World!";
pointText.position = [100, 500];

// Area text (text inside a path)
var rectPath = doc.pathItems.rectangle(500, 100, 200, 100);
var areaText = doc.textFrames.areaText(rectPath);
areaText.contents = "Text inside a rectangle shape.";

// Path text (text along a path)
var curvePath = doc.pathItems.add();
curvePath.setEntirePath([[50, 300], [150, 400], [250, 300]]);
var pathText = doc.textFrames.pathText(curvePath);
pathText.contents = "Text on a path";

Character and Paragraph Formatting

var tf = doc.textFrames[0];
var textRange = tf.textRange;

// Character attributes
var charAttr = textRange.characterAttributes;
charAttr.size = 24;           // Font size in points
charAttr.textFont = app.textFonts.getByName("ArialMT");
charAttr.fillColor = red;
charAttr.tracking = 50;       // Em units
charAttr.horizontalScale = 100;
charAttr.verticalScale = 100;
charAttr.baselineShift = 0;

// Paragraph attributes
var paraAttr = textRange.paragraphAttributes;
paraAttr.justification = Justification.CENTER;
paraAttr.firstLineIndent = 0;
paraAttr.leftIndent = 0;
paraAttr.spaceBefore = 0;
paraAttr.spaceAfter = 0;

Accessing Text Content

var tf = doc.textFrames[0];

// Access sub-ranges
var firstChar = tf.characters[0];
var firstWord = tf.words[0];
var firstPara = tf.paragraphs[0];
var firstLine = tf.lines[0];

// Modify specific ranges
tf.words[0].characterAttributes.size = 36;
tf.paragraphs[0].paragraphAttributes.justification = Justification.LEFT;

Threading Text Frames

var frame1 = doc.textFrames.areaText(path1);
var frame2 = doc.textFrames.areaText(path2);

// Link frames so text flows from frame1 to frame2
frame1.nextFrame = frame2;

// Stories represent the full text across threaded frames
var storyCount = doc.stories.length;
var fullText = doc.stories[0].textRange.contents;